Urban Park Landscape 城市公园景观【电子书】.pdf

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1、Urban Park LandscapesDESIGN MEDIA PUBLISHING LIMITEDDESIGN MEDIA PUBLISHING LIMITEDUrbanization around the world is happening at unprecedented levels. Urban Parks are a precious natural environment within our urban setting. Designing them well to accommodate both the life and development demands of

2、the present while also looking forward to the needs of our future generations and landscapes requires a comprehensive look at creating healthy ecosystems and prosperous mega cities and how the two can co-exist in the 21st century. This book includes many world fabulous urban park landscapes. Through

3、 comprehensive presentation of pictures, explicit explanation of technical drawings and detailed descriptions, the book can be a useful tool for the designers to gain some inspiration and enlightenment.Urban Park LandscapesUrban Park LandscapesDESIGN MEDIA PUBLISHING LIMITEDZonal parksMadrid RIO Buf

4、falo Bayou Promenade Drift park High Line Section 1 The Park at Lakeshore East Landhauspark and Promenade Municipal ParksDocklands Park Saxon Regional Garden Show Reichenbach Town Hall Park at Kjenn in Lrenskog Chapultepec Park Cornmill Gardens Architecture of Discovery Green Garden of The Republic

5、Parque Verde Do Mondego, West Entrance The Bocages Park in Bremen Chavasse Park Main Street Garden Park Community parksFoley Park North West Park Latas Parks and Gardens Garden of the Promemade Pilestredet Park Stanisaw Lem Memorial Garden of Experience in Krakow Quinta Da Alagoa Garden Alai Txoko P

6、ark Public GardenFederal State Garden ShowBavarian Garden Exhibition Stadtpark UsterThe Pardre Querbes ParkEuclid ParkSports parksMount-Royal Parks Playground Public Park Meerpark Public Park Dunepark Dzintari Forest Park Garden for Generations in Langenfeld, Germany Redevelopment of Public Open Air

7、 Pool “Wostra” Gaudium Leisure + Sports Park Historical Heritage ParksPaddington Reservoir Gardens History Park Moabit Prison Berlin Umaid Heritage, Jodhpur Solberg Tower & Park State Horticultural Show Schwerin 2009 Marstall Garden Kongens Have, Odense Kurpark Baden Cockatoo Island Northern Apron J

8、ardin des Fonderies Museum of Steel Peel Entrance, Mount Royal Park IndexCONTENTS1418 2632 364248 54606670 7480869298102106 112 116 124 128 134 138 144 150 156 160 166 170 176 182 186 192198202206210214220226232238244248252258264270274E拓建筑网w w w .e e e e t o p .c o mForewardThoughts on the importanc

9、e of urban parksUrbanization around the world is happening at unprecedented levels. The definition of urban continues to expand. In China, the process of urbanization and the development of new cities, towns, and even innovative forms of agricultural settlements are happening at a pace unmatched in

10、the rest of the developing world. As a leader in the world wide urbanization process, Chinas fast growing population and vast landscape territory only begins to tell the story of the changing landscape of the 21st century. According to UNs projection, half of Chinas population will live in cities by

11、 2015. This number is especially significant growth when compared to data that suggest that almost half of all people now live in cities - “46% urban population” according to data reported in 2009. What will the future of urban landscapes be? How will designers and planners affect the built environm

12、ent? How will parks and landscape infrastructures play an increasingly important role in the success and sustainability of one of the greatest human creations the city? As designers, we ask deeper questions about what people want from their urban environs. What is the life style that people are seek

13、ing within a hustling, at times seemingly chaoticurban environment? Through research, careful analysis, and structured thinking, we approach design through a framework of thinking that touches on many of the following aspects: Quality of Life: With cities and dense urban environments, the emergence

14、of the urban park at many scales has provided a place and opportunity for people to return to nature.1) Recreation and Entertainment: Recreation opportunities include passive and active program possibilities. 2) Health and Wellness: Landscape architecture and open space in urban environments helps t

15、o create a balance to the increasingly sedentary lifestyle and workstyle of todays working world. Open space, fresh air, places to move and exercise, and places for passive and active recreation enhance physical wellness. In addition, they provide relief for the increasing obesity epidemic and assoc

16、iated health problems.3) Urban Agriculture: Human settlement used to have an inseparable relationship with land and agricultural properties. However, such connection has been severed by modern urbanization and industrial specialization development. Promoting urban agriculture in park space reestabli

17、shes this deeply rooted relationship. 4) Beauty and Aesthetics: In human history, parks and open space have been sacred, important, and meaningful. Parks the outdoors - have been places for gathering, social activities, sight-seeing, and spiritual or ritual activity. Parks are the places where peopl

18、e Current PositionCEO of the SWA GroupEducation Studies in Landscape Architecture, Harvard University Graduate School of Design, 1978 Studies in Philosophy, University of Santa Clara, 1972Professional Affiliations American Society of Landscape Architects American Institute of Architects, Honorary Me

19、mber Bayou Preservation Association, Chairman of the Board Buffalo Bayou Partnership, Advisory Board Member White Oak Bayou Association, Advisory Board Member Willow Waterhole Greenspace Conservancy, Advisory Board Member Registration Registered Landscape Architect, Texas No. 2271 enjoy the landscap

20、e as well as other cultural features and enlightenments.Quality of Environment: Nature is the foundation for human beings survival. The processes of urbanization and industrialization, however, threaten to sever the connection between humans and outdoor spaces. The balance of landscape and built env

21、ironment together create productive human environments. Integrating open spaces, networks, corridors, and public spaces help improve the vision of the city, the quality of urban life, and the health of its residents. Furthermore, integrated landscape ecosystems cohesively in the design framework hel

22、ps to restore a natural setting and protect the environment. 1) Water Quality: Parks can improve and enhance existing water systems by increasing the capability of water management and water quality rehabilitation. Water can also be improved through a series of functional processes including infiltr

23、ation, renewal, collection and detention, etc.2) Air Quality: Plants and green spaces are important factors in air quality. Open space and green landscapes contribute towards the removal of particles in the air, reduce the urban heat island effect, and increasing carbon absorption. 3) Urban Wildlife

24、 Habitat: Park environments provide space for ecosystems and habitats. Birds, as one example, thrive on large open spaces and migratory birds and songbirds need dense, rich ecosystems to survive. Water systems and water habitats are critical for aquatic wildlife as well as fisheries. Urban parks and

25、 urban landscapes are critical for the human and environmental well beingin big cities. In designing great parks, the following principals are of utmost importance:1) Urban park development shall accommodate multiple scales and systems, ranging from small scale green space, to regional green space s

26、ystem, to national park, and to natural reserve land systems. 2) Park designs shall emphasize the importance of “connectivity” and create networks that link park and green space at various scales in order to establish a significant system.3) Park designs should demonstrate the multi-functional natur

27、e of open space and their abilities to serve people and the environment. All designs, at all scales, should be developed with an emphasis on efficiency and environmental quality Urban Parks are a precious natural environment within our urban setting. Designing them well to accommodate both the life

28、and development demands of the present while also looking forward to the needs of our future generations and landscapes requires a comprehensive look at creating healthy ecosystems and prosperous mega cities and how the two can co-exist in the 21st century. Kevin ShanleyE拓建筑网w w w .e e e e t o p .c

29、o mThe creation of a new urban park by engineering adjustments James Corner Field Operations, Design Team LeadThe transformation of the High Line structure in to a new urban park required a series of significant engineering adjustments to the existing structure and the creation of a whole new infras

30、tructure, including structural, mechanical, electrical, and plumbing systems to support the new landscape.Robert Silman Associates (RSA) was responsible for the preservation and restoration of the existing High Line structure. RSA was able to detail minimal structural repairs, often merely removing

31、deteriorated surfaces and repainting the steel. Where damage was significant, reinforcing plates were designed for the steel structure, rivets were replaced, and connections repaired. Concrete repairs were limited to removal of damaged material and patching with an epoxy repair mortar. In all cases,

32、 preservation standards were followed: repairs are evident, and the removal of historic material was minimized. Buro Happold was responsible for the design of all new engineering systems and structural interventions. The new pedestrian walkway is an innovative unitized system, using 1foot x 12 feet

33、precast, reinforced-concrete planks. To coordinate the movements of the old and new structures due to thermal expansion, expansion joints are incorporated in the precast concrete framing system. At the Gansevoort and 14th Street access points, the High Lines existing steel girders were cut to create

34、 openings for staircases, which are suspended from the structure by stainless steel tension rods. At the 10th Avenue Square, the existing beams were removed, and a new steel and concrete supporting structure was inserted to support a wood, stepped seating area. Large windows were then carved out of

35、the main girder spanning 10th Avenue, allowing views down to the street through the structure. The conversion of the High Line also required the installation of all new mechanical, electrical and plumbing infrastructures. A sophisticated electrical system controls the extensive lighting scheme for t

36、he park, and fiber optic cables support a new security system. A comprehensive irrigation system, designed by Northern Designs, was complemented by entirely new waterproofing and drainage systems, to support the landscape and to ensure the long-term needs of the structure. Constructed ecology: Dockl

37、ands Park by Michael Wright rushuright associatesMelbourne has begun to rebuild itself. Waves of concentric development have finally grown so large in the mirror of public and political perception that few can now pretend that the social and environmental cost of transferring land value to speculati

38、ve developers can possibly be sustained. Real cost and externalities have begun to penetrate market-hardened skulls and a new form of rationalism has begun to shape our city. Docklands Park is one such experiment in policy and result. At infrastructure scale, budget is a big issue. The ground is som

39、etimes hard just to cover, and expectation has not always matched available resources on Harbour Esplanade at 100,000 square metres. Some of the early design ideas will not now be achieved within the commercial realities of available developer contribution and normative thinking about the cost of la

40、ndscape as infrastructure; this is not unusual but is likely to be a recurring problem in the rebuilding of Melbourne as we seek to do more - with less.Docklands Park is a little experiment in landscape as infrastructure and is a simple system that seeks to reveal and demonstrate sustainable environ

41、mental process in design. This is constructed ecology and the future of landscape architecture in Melbourne. The park is primarily conceived as a sensuous terrain, a series of four shapes: two warped trapezoidal grass platforms, a tilted cylinder and a tall eccentric cone. These forms are repositori

42、es for low-level contaminated waste, dug from the treatment wetlands on site and also sourced from other excavations around Docklands. These are the high points of the system and comprise irrigated grassland. The low places in the park are three treatment wetlands. These accept all the stormwater ru

43、noff from the Park, from surrounding roads, and from seven hectares of paved catchment along Harbour Esplanade. The wetlands deliver treated water to underground storages, which is disinfected and used for grass irrigation. Urban Park the main frame of future city the comfortable city living depends

44、 on the vigor of the park Thomas Balsley AssociatesLike many U.S. cities, the success and vitality of Dallas was historically measured more in numbers than in the quality of life promised to its citizens. As compared to its peers, downtowns dearth of vibrant parks and pedestrian activity became a gr

45、owing concern for civic and downtown business boosters as well as urbanists. And like many U.S. cities, downtown was littered with failed public spaces to which citizens point with skepticism and fear. The Main Street Garden site was blessed with extraordinary assets: a diverse constituency of unive

46、rsity students, new residential downtown pioneers, shoppers on an active retail corridor, nearby office workers, a city with civic will and financial commitment, and a strategically-located site surrounded by landmark architecture. These attributes suggested that our conceptual studies explore the v

47、ision of a park that is both open and flexible and filled with a variety of intimate experiences to which visitors could return on a regular basis. The busiest corner of Main Street became the parks front door from which all other “rooms” could be viewed. Visitors would be welcomed by an anchor of a

48、ctivity in the form of park pavilion, porch, and fountain plaza. As its central feature, a large flexible lawn space serves as the parks main living room around which smaller spaces of targeted activity revolve. A dog run, for the young urban pioneers, tot play for the grandchildren of empty nesters

49、 and study shelters in which students or shoppers gather for quiet moments. The arrangements encourage intermingling. Tots move from the play lawn mound to the shallow stream and mist fountain. The distinctive green glass “parkitecture” and iconic canopy are intended to strike a fresh dramatic pose

50、for downtown. As more and more cities and their citizens realize that they are at the forefront of sustainable living, the importance of parks will re-emerge as being as important to their futures as their infrastructure. The time has passed for parks being seen as luxuries that we can live without